');mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8, ');mask-mode:alpha;-webkit-mask-position:center;mask-position:center;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain}}.wp-block-image :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image figure{margin:0}ol.wp-block-latest-comments{box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0}.wp-block-latest-comments .wp-block-latest-comments{padding-left:0}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment{line-height:1.1;list-style:none;margin-bottom:1em}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{list-style:none;min-height:2.25em}.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt,.has-avatars .wp-block-latest-comments__comment .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta{margin-left:3.25em}.has-dates .wp-block-latest-comments__comment,.has-excerpts .wp-block-latest-comments__comment{line-height:1.5}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.8;margin:.36em 0 1.4em}.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-date{display:block;font-size:.75em}.wp-block-latest-comments .avatar,.wp-block-latest-comments__comment-avatar{border-radius:1.5em;display:block;float:left;height:2.5em;margin-right:.75em;width:2.5em}.wp-block-latest-posts{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignleft{margin-right:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.alignright{margin-left:2em}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list{list-style:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.wp-block-latest-posts__list li{clear:both}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li{margin:0 1.25em 1.25em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-2 li:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-3 li:nth-child(3n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-4 li:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-5 li:nth-child(5n){margin-right:0}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}.wp-block-latest-posts.columns-6 li:nth-child(6n){margin-right:0}}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-author,.wp-block-latest-posts__post-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-latest-posts__post-excerpt{margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image img{height:auto;max-width:100%;width:auto}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1em}.wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image.aligncenter{margin-bottom:1em;text-align:center}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}ol.has-background,ul.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-media-text{box-sizing:border-box;
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/direction:ltr;
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 1fr;grid-template-rows:auto}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right{grid-template-columns:1fr 50%}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-top .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:start}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-center .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:center}.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__content,.wp-block-media-text.is-vertically-aligned-bottom .wp-block-media-text__media{align-self:end}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__media{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:1;grid-row:1;
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/margin:0}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content{direction:ltr;
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:2;grid-row:1;
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/padding:0 8%;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__media{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:2;grid-row:1
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/}.wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content{
/*!rtl:begin:ignore*/grid-column:1;grid-row:1
/*!rtl:end:ignore*/}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{height:auto;max-width:unset;vertical-align:middle;width:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media{background-size:cover;height:100%;min-height:250px}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media>a{display:block;height:100%}.wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media img{clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0;height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile{grid-template-columns:100%!important}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__media{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.wp-block-media-text.is-stacked-on-mobile .wp-block-media-text__content{grid-column:1;grid-row:2}}.wp-block-navigation{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-start;--navigation-layout-direction:row;--navigation-layout-wrap:wrap;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-start;--navigation-layout-align:center;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation ul,.wp-block-navigation ul li{list-style:none;padding:0}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:empty{display:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:block}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content.wp-block-navigation-item__content{color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:underline}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:line-through}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:active,.wp-block-navigation:where(:not([class*=has-text-decoration])) a:focus{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{align-self:center;background-color:inherit;border:none;color:currentColor;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;height:.6em;line-height:0;margin-left:.25em;padding:0;width:.6em}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{stroke:currentColor;display:inline-block;height:inherit;margin-top:.075em;width:inherit}.wp-block-navigation.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-direction:column;--navigation-layout-justify:initial;--navigation-layout-align:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation.no-wrap{--navigation-layout-wrap:nowrap}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:center;--navigation-layout-justify:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-end;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:space-between;--navigation-layout-justify:space-between}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{align-items:normal;background-color:inherit;color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:0;left:-1px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:100%;transition:opacity .1s linear;visibility:hidden;width:0;z-index:2}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:flex;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item__content{margin:0}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:-1px}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:before{background:transparent;content:"";display:block;height:100%;position:absolute;right:100%;width:.5em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-right:.25em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}}.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):hover>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):not(.open-on-hover-click):focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]~.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0;top:100%}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:0}}.wp-block-navigation-submenu{display:flex;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation-submenu .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{stroke:currentColor}button.wp-block-navigation-item__content{background-color:transparent;border:none;color:currentColor;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-align:left;text-transform:inherit}.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{cursor:pointer}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{padding-right:.85em}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle+.wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:-.6em;pointer-events:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list,.wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{gap:inherit}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:0}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:-1px;right:-1px}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:100%}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15);color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__container{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation__container .is-responsive{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__container:only-child,.wp-block-page-list:only-child{flex-grow:1}@keyframes overlay-menu__fade-in-animation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(.5em)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container{bottom:0;display:none;left:0;position:fixed;right:0;top:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation-link a{color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.is-menu-open.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation:overlay-menu__fade-in-animation .1s ease-out;animation-fill-mode:forwards;background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;overflow:auto;padding:var(--wp--style--root--padding-top,2rem) var(--wp--style--root--padding-right,2rem) var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom,2rem) var(--wp--style--root--padding-left,2rem);z-index:100000}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation-delay:0s;animation-duration:1ms}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,inherit);display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow:visible;padding-top:calc(2rem + 24px)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{border:none;height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:initial;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem;position:static;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{gap:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{padding-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap,2em)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item__content{padding:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:column}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-page-list{background:transparent!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:auto}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit;display:block;position:relative;width:100%;z-index:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:#fff;color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__toggle_button_label{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{background:transparent;border:none;color:currentColor;cursor:pointer;margin:0;padding:0;text-transform:inherit;vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close svg,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open svg{fill:currentColor;display:block;height:24px;pointer-events:none;width:24px}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{display:flex}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open:not(.always-shown){display:none}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:2}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size,100%);width:100%}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close:focus{outline:none}.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{position:relative}.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:46px}@media (min-width:782px){.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:32px}}html.has-modal-open{overflow:hidden}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__label{overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:normal}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__description{display:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial)}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{background-color:inherit}.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}p.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}.wp-block-post-author{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.wp-block-post-author__byline{font-size:.5em;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;width:100%}.wp-block-post-author__avatar{margin-right:1em}.wp-block-post-author__bio{font-size:.7em;margin-bottom:.7em}.wp-block-post-author__content{flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1}.wp-block-post-author__name{margin:0}.wp-block-post-comments-form{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-weight] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-family] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-family:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[class*=-font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title),.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-size] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-size:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=line-height] :where(.comment-reply-title){line-height:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=font-style] :where(.comment-reply-title){font-style:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form[style*=letter-spacing] :where(.comment-reply-title){letter-spacing:inherit}.wp-block-post-comments-form input[type=submit]{box-shadow:none;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;overflow-wrap:break-word;text-align:center}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{border:1px solid #949494;font-family:inherit;font-size:1em}.wp-block-post-comments-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments-form textarea{padding:calc(.667em + 2px)}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form input:not([type=submit]):not([type=checkbox]),.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form textarea{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:100%}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-author label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-email label,.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-url label{display:block;margin-bottom:.25em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent{display:flex;gap:.25em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-form-cookies-consent #wp-comment-cookies-consent{margin-top:.35em}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-post-comments-form .comment-reply-title :where(small){font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium,smaller);margin-left:.5em}.wp-block-post-date{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-excerpt{margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}.wp-block-post-excerpt__excerpt{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-text{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}.wp-block-post-excerpt__more-link{display:inline-block}.wp-block-post-featured-image{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image a{display:block}.wp-block-post-featured-image img{box-sizing:border-box;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom;width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignfull img,.wp-block-post-featured-image.alignwide img{width:100%}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim{background-color:#000;inset:0;position:absolute}.wp-block-post-featured-image{position:relative}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-gradient{background-color:transparent}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-0{opacity:0}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-10{opacity:.1}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-20{opacity:.2}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-30{opacity:.3}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-40{opacity:.4}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-50{opacity:.5}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-60{opacity:.6}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-70{opacity:.7}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-80{opacity:.8}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-90{opacity:.9}.wp-block-post-featured-image .wp-block-post-featured-image__overlay.has-background-dim-100{opacity:1}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-terms{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-terms .wp-block-post-terms__separator{white-space:pre-wrap}.wp-block-post-title{box-sizing:border-box;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-post-title a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-preformatted{white-space:pre-wrap}.wp-block-preformatted.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-pullquote{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 0 1em;overflow-wrap:break-word;padding:3em 0;text-align:center}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote,.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote p{color:inherit}.wp-block-pullquote.alignleft,.wp-block-pullquote.alignright{max-width:420px}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer{position:relative}.wp-block-pullquote .has-text-color a{color:inherit}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-left blockquote{text-align:left}.wp-block-pullquote.has-text-align-right blockquote{text-align:right}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color{border:none}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:60%}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote p{font-size:2em;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote cite{font-style:normal;text-transform:none}.wp-block-pullquote cite{color:inherit}.wp-block-post-template{list-style:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;max-width:100%;padding:0}.wp-block-post-template.wp-block-post-template{background:none}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.25em}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container li{margin:0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-2>li{width:calc(50% - .625em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-3>li{width:calc(33.33333% - .83333em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-4>li{width:calc(25% - .9375em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-5>li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}.wp-block-post-template.is-flex-container.is-flex-container.columns-6>li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1.04167em)}}.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-next,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-numbers,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous{margin-bottom:.5em;margin-right:.5em}.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-child,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-numbers:last-child,.wp-block-query-pagination>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-next:last-of-type{margin-inline-start:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination.is-content-justification-space-between>.wp-block-query-pagination-previous:first-child{margin-inline-end:auto}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-previous-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch}.wp-block-query-pagination .wp-block-query-pagination-next-arrow:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-query-pagination.aligncenter{justify-content:center}.wp-block-query-title,.wp-block-quote{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-quote{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)),.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)){margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-read-more{display:block;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]),.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]):active,.wp-block-read-more:not([style*=text-decoration]):focus{text-decoration:none}ul.wp-block-rss{list-style:none;padding:0}ul.wp-block-rss.wp-block-rss{box-sizing:border-box}ul.wp-block-rss.alignleft{margin-right:2em}ul.wp-block-rss.alignright{margin-left:2em}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;list-style:none;padding:0}ul.wp-block-rss.is-grid li{margin:0 1em 1em 0;width:100%}@media (min-width:600px){ul.wp-block-rss.columns-2 li{width:calc(50% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-3 li{width:calc(33.33333% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-4 li{width:calc(25% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-5 li{width:calc(20% - 1em)}ul.wp-block-rss.columns-6 li{width:calc(16.66667% - 1em)}}.wp-block-rss__item-author,.wp-block-rss__item-publish-date{display:block;font-size:.8125em}.wp-block-search__button{margin-left:.625em;word-break:normal}.wp-block-search__button.has-icon{line-height:0}.wp-block-search__button svg{fill:currentColor;min-height:1.5em;min-width:1.5em;vertical-align:text-bottom}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{display:flex;flex:auto;flex-wrap:nowrap;max-width:100%}.wp-block-search__label{width:100%}.wp-block-search__input{border:1px solid #949494;flex-grow:1;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;min-width:3em;padding:8px;text-decoration:unset!important}.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-only .wp-block-search__button{margin-left:0}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){border:1px solid #949494;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0 0 0 .25em}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) .wp-block-search__input:focus{outline:none}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:.125em .5em}.wp-block-search.aligncenter .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper{margin:auto}.wp-block-separator{border:1px solid;border-left:none;border-right:none}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{background:none!important;border:none;height:auto;line-height:1;text-align:center}.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots:before{color:currentColor;content:"···";font-family:serif;font-size:1.5em;letter-spacing:2em;padding-left:2em}.wp-block-site-logo{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:0}.wp-block-site-logo a{display:inline-block}.wp-block-site-logo.is-default-size img{height:auto;width:120px}.wp-block-site-logo img{height:auto;max-width:100%}.wp-block-site-logo a,.wp-block-site-logo img{border-radius:inherit}.wp-block-site-logo.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}.wp-block-site-logo.is-style-rounded{border-radius:9999px}.wp-block-site-title a{color:inherit}.wp-block-social-links{background:none;box-sizing:border-box;margin-left:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-indent:0}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a,.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a:hover{border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a{padding:.25em}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link svg{height:1em;width:1em}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link span:not(.screen-reader-text){font-size:.65em;margin-left:.5em;margin-right:.5em}.wp-block-social-links.has-small-icon-size{font-size:16px}.wp-block-social-links,.wp-block-social-links.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:24px}.wp-block-social-links.has-large-icon-size{font-size:36px}.wp-block-social-links.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:48px}.wp-block-social-links.aligncenter{display:flex;justify-content:center}.wp-block-social-links.alignright{justify-content:flex-end}.wp-block-social-link{border-radius:9999px;display:block;height:auto;transition:transform .1s ease}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-social-link{transition-delay:0s;transition-duration:0s}}.wp-block-social-link a{align-items:center;display:flex;line-height:0;transition:transform .1s ease}.wp-block-social-link:hover{transform:scale(1.1)}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor svg,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:active,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:hover,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:visited{fill:currentColor;color:currentColor}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-amazon{background-color:#f90;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-bandcamp{background-color:#1ea0c3;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-behance{background-color:#0757fe;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-codepen{background-color:#1e1f26;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-deviantart{background-color:#02e49b;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dribbble{background-color:#e94c89;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-dropbox{background-color:#4280ff;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-etsy{background-color:#f45800;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-flickr{background-color:#0461dd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-foursquare{background-color:#e65678;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-github{background-color:#24292d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-goodreads{background-color:#eceadd;color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-google{background-color:#ea4434;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-lastfm{background-color:#e21b24;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-linkedin{background-color:#0d66c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-mastodon{background-color:#3288d4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-medium{background-color:#02ab6c;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-meetup{background-color:#f6405f;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-patreon{background-color:#ff424d;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pocket{background-color:#ef4155;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-reddit{background-color:#ff4500;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-skype{background-color:#0478d7;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-snapchat{stroke:#000;background-color:#fefc00;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-soundcloud{background-color:#ff5600;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-spotify{background-color:#1bd760;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-telegram{background-color:#2aabee;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tiktok{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-tumblr{background-color:#011835;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitch{background-color:#6440a4;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-twitter{background-color:#1da1f2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vimeo{background-color:#1eb7ea;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-vk{background-color:#4680c2;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-wordpress{background-color:#3499cd;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-whatsapp{background-color:#25d366;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-yelp{background-color:#d32422;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-youtube{background-color:red;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link{background:none}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link a{padding:0}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link svg{height:1.25em;width:1.25em}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-amazon{color:#f90}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-bandcamp{color:#1ea0c3}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-behance{color:#0757fe}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-codepen{color:#1e1f26}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-deviantart{color:#02e49b}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dribbble{color:#e94c89}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-dropbox{color:#4280ff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-etsy{color:#f45800}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-facebook{color:#1778f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-fivehundredpx{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-flickr{color:#0461dd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-foursquare{color:#e65678}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-github{color:#24292d}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-goodreads{color:#382110}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-google{color:#ea4434}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-instagram{color:#f00075}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-lastfm{color:#e21b24}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-linkedin{color:#0d66c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-mastodon{color:#3288d4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-medium{color:#02ab6c}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-meetup{color:#f6405f}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-patreon{color:#ff424d}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pinterest{color:#e60122}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-pocket{color:#ef4155}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-reddit{color:#ff4500}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-skype{color:#0478d7}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-snapchat{stroke:#000;color:#fff}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-soundcloud{color:#ff5600}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-spotify{color:#1bd760}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-telegram{color:#2aabee}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tiktok{color:#000}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-tumblr{color:#011835}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitch{color:#6440a4}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-twitter{color:#1da1f2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vimeo{color:#1eb7ea}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-vk{color:#4680c2}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-whatsapp{color:#25d366}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-wordpress{color:#3499cd}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-yelp{color:#d32422}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-logos-only .wp-social-link-youtube{color:red}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link{width:auto}.wp-block-social-links.is-style-pill-shape .wp-social-link a{padding-left:.66667em;padding-right:.66667em}.wp-block-spacer{clear:both}.wp-block-tag-cloud{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-tag-cloud.aligncenter{justify-content:center;text-align:center}.wp-block-tag-cloud.alignfull{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-tag-cloud a{display:inline-block;margin-right:5px}.wp-block-tag-cloud span{display:inline-block;margin-left:5px;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1ch}.wp-block-tag-cloud.is-style-outline a{border:1px solid;font-size:unset!important;margin-right:0;padding:1ch 2ch;text-decoration:none!important}.wp-block-table{overflow-x:auto}.wp-block-table table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%}.wp-block-table thead{border-bottom:3px solid}.wp-block-table tfoot{border-top:3px solid}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{border:1px solid;padding:.5em}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout td,.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table.aligncenter,.wp-block-table.alignleft,.wp-block-table.alignright{display:table;width:auto}.wp-block-table.aligncenter td,.wp-block-table.aligncenter th,.wp-block-table.alignleft td,.wp-block-table.alignleft th,.wp-block-table.alignright td,.wp-block-table.alignright th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-green-background-color{background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color{background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table .has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes{background-color:transparent;border-bottom:1px solid #f0f0f0;border-collapse:inherit;border-spacing:0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f0f0f0}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-light-gray-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#f3f4f5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-green-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e9fbe5}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#e7f5fe}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes.has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fcf0ef}.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes td,.wp-block-table.is-style-stripes th{border-color:transparent}.wp-block-table .has-border-color td,.wp-block-table .has-border-color th,.wp-block-table .has-border-color tr,.wp-block-table .has-border-color>*{border-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:first-child th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color]>* th{border-top-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-top-color] tr:not(:first-child){border-top-color:currentColor}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] td:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-right-color]>*{border-right-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:last-child th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color]>* th{border-bottom-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-bottom-color] tr:not(:last-child){border-bottom-color:currentColor}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] td:first-child,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-left-color]>*{border-left-color:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-style]>*{border-style:inherit}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] td,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width]>*{border-style:inherit;border-width:inherit}.wp-block-text-columns,.wp-block-text-columns.aligncenter{display:flex}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column{margin:0 1em;padding:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:first-child{margin-left:0}.wp-block-text-columns .wp-block-column:last-child{margin-right:0}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-2 .wp-block-column{width:50%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-3 .wp-block-column{width:33.33333%}.wp-block-text-columns.columns-4 .wp-block-column{width:25%}pre.wp-block-verse{overflow:auto;white-space:pre-wrap}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit}.wp-block-video{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-video video{width:100%}@supports (position:sticky){.wp-block-video [poster]{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}}.wp-block-video.aligncenter{text-align:center}.wp-block-video figcaption{margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.5em}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}.screen-reader-text:focus{clip:auto!important;background-color:#ddd;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}figure{margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}
.wp-block-audio figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-image figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-image figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-right{border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-center{border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-plain{border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-video figcaption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video figcaption{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.65)}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-template-part.has-background{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}
/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
body{--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--duotone--dark-grayscale:url('#wp-duotone-dark-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--grayscale:url('#wp-duotone-grayscale');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-yellow:url('#wp-duotone-purple-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-red:url('#wp-duotone-blue-red');--wp--preset--duotone--midnight:url('#wp-duotone-midnight');--wp--preset--duotone--magenta-yellow:url('#wp-duotone-magenta-yellow');--wp--preset--duotone--purple-green:url('#wp-duotone-purple-green');--wp--preset--duotone--blue-orange:url('#wp-duotone-blue-orange');--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1)}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em}body .is-layout-flow>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em}body .is-layout-flow>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0}body .is-layout-flow>.aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .is-layout-constrained>.alignleft{float:left;margin-inline-start:0;margin-inline-end:2em}body .is-layout-constrained>.alignright{float:right;margin-inline-start:2em;margin-inline-end:0}body .is-layout-constrained>.aligncenter{margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .is-layout-constrained>:where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width:var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important}body .is-layout-constrained>.alignwide{max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size)}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}body .is-layout-flex>*{margin:0}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important}.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em}.wp-block-pullquote{font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6}
#avatar-manager img{margin:2px 0;vertical-align:middle}#avatar-manager label+a{display:inline-block;margin-top:-6px}#avatar-manager .delete{color:red;padding:2px}#avatar-manager .delete:hover{background:red;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
div.wpcf7{margin:0;padding:0}div.wpcf7 .screen-reader-response{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height:1px;width:1px;margin:0;padding:0;border:0}div.wpcf7-response-output{margin:2em .5em 1em;padding:.2em 1em;border:2px solid red}div.wpcf7-mail-sent-ok{border:2px solid #398f14}div.wpcf7-mail-sent-ng,div.wpcf7-aborted{border:2px solid red}div.wpcf7-spam-blocked{border:2px solid orange}div.wpcf7-validation-errors,div.wpcf7-acceptance-missing{border:2px solid #f7e700}.wpcf7-form-control-wrap{position:relative}span.wpcf7-not-valid-tip{color:red;font-size:1em;font-weight:400;display:block}.use-floating-validation-tip span.wpcf7-not-valid-tip{position:absolute;top:20%;left:20%;z-index:100;border:1px solid red;background:#fff;padding:.2em .8em}span.wpcf7-list-item{display:inline-block;margin:0 0 0 1em}span.wpcf7-list-item-label:before,span.wpcf7-list-item-label:after{content:" "}.wpcf7-display-none{display:none}div.wpcf7 .ajax-loader{visibility:hidden;display:inline-block;background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/../../images/ajax-loader.gif);width:16px;height:16px;border:none;padding:0;margin:0 0 0 4px;vertical-align:middle}div.wpcf7 .ajax-loader.is-active{visibility:visible}div.wpcf7 div.ajax-error{display:none}div.wpcf7 .placeheld{color:#888}div.wpcf7 input[type=file]{cursor:pointer}div.wpcf7 input[type=file]:disabled{cursor:default}div.wpcf7 .wpcf7-submit:disabled{cursor:not-allowed}
.post-views.entry-meta>span{margin-right:0 !important;font:16px/1}.post-views.entry-meta>span.post-views-icon.dashicons{display:inline-block;font-size:16px;line-height:1;text-decoration:inherit;vertical-align:middle}
@font-face{font-family:Circe;src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe/CRC55.eot);src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe/CRC55.eot) format("embedded-opentype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe/CRC55.woff2) format("woff2"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe/CRC55.woff) format("woff"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe/CRC55.ttf) format("truetype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe/CRC55.svg#CRC55) format("svg")}@font-face{font-family:Circe-light;src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-light/CRC35.eot);src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-light/fonts/CRC35.eot) format("embedded-opentype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-light/fonts/CRC35.woff2) format("woff2"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-light/fonts/CRC35.woff) format("woff"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-light/fonts/CRC35.ttf) format("truetype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-light/fonts/CRC35.svg#CRC35) format("svg")}@font-face{font-family:Circe-extra-light;src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-light/CRC25.eot);src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-light/CRC25.eot) format("embedded-opentype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-light/CRC25.woff2) format("woff2"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-light/CRC25.woff) format("woff"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-light/CRC25.ttf) format("truetype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-light/CRC25.svg#CRC25) format("svg")}@font-face{font-family:Circe-bold;src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-bold/Circe-Bold.eot);src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-bold/Circe-Bold.eot) format("embedded-opentype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-bold/Circe-Bold.woff2) format("woff2"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-bold/Circe-Bold.woff) format("woff"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-bold/Circe-Bold.ttf) format("truetype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-bold/Circe-Bold.svg#CRC25) format("svg")}@font-face{font-family:Circe-extra-bold;src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-bold/Circe-ExtraBold.eot);src:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-bold/Circe-ExtraBold.eot) format("embedded-opentype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-bold/Circe-ExtraBold.woff2) format("woff2"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-bold/Circe-ExtraBold.woff) format("woff"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-bold/Circe-ExtraBold.ttf) format("truetype"),url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../fonts/circe/circe-extra-bold/Circe-ExtraBold.svg#CRC25) format("svg")}
/*! normalize.css v8.0.1 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */
html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}main{display:block}h1{font-size:2.45em;margin:.67em 0}}h4{font-size:18px}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}a{background-color:transparent}abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline dotted}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}img{border-style:none}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button,input{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}[type=button]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=reset]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner,button::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}[type=button]:-moz-focusring,[type=reset]:-moz-focusring,[type=submit]:-moz-focusring,button:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}fieldset{padding:.35em .75em .625em}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal}progress{vertical-align:baseline}textarea{overflow:auto}[type=checkbox],[type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}details{display:block}summary{display:list-item}template{display:none}[hidden]{display:none}body{min-width:340px;font-family:Circe,sans-serif;background:#f3f6f9}body.page,body.single{background:#fff}body h1,body h2,body h3,{font-weight:700}}body h4,body h5,body h6{font-weight:400}body .textwidget p{margin:0}body .wp-caption p.wp-caption-text{font-size:11px;line-height:17px;margin:0;padding:0 4px 5px}body .screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}body .screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#eee;clip:auto!important;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}body .sticky{color:0}body .gallery-caption{color:0}body .bypostauthor{color:0}body.page .menu-burger-box,body.single .menu-burger-box{color:#fff}body.page .menu-burger-box .burger span,body.single .menu-burger-box .burger span{background:#fff}.menu-burger-box{display:flex;align-content:center;cursor:pointer;color:#f3f6f9}.menu-burger-box h3{font-size:12px;font-family:Circe-extra-bold,sans-serif;padding-top:9px;padding-left:11px}.header nav{display:none}.header .container{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:6px 15px 13px;justify-content:space-between}.header-logo{transition:all .2s;-webkit-transition:all .2s}.header-logo img{width:80px;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-24px}.header-logo:hover{transition:all .2s;-webkit-transition:all .2s;opacity:.8}.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center{text-align:left}.current-page{font-family:Circe-extra-bold,sans-serif;font-size:11px;text-transform:uppercase;padding-top:11px;padding-right:4px}.burger{text-align:center;width:12px;padding-top:12px;display:flex;align-content:center;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap}.burger span{display:block;width:100%;height:1px;background:#f3f6f9;margin-bottom:3px}.burger span:last-of-type{width:8px}.login-section,.main-header-nav{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1000px){.header .login-section,.header .main-header-nav{display:block}.header .container{padding:6px 35px 26px;justify-content:flex-start}.header .current-page,.header .menu-burger-box{display:none}.header .header-logo{order:1}.header .main-header-nav{order:2}.header .main-header-nav ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:48px 0 0 238px;display:flex}.header .main-header-nav ul li{margin-right:85px}.header .main-header-nav ul li:first-of-type{margin-left:129px}.header .main-header-nav ul li:last-of-type{margin-right:0}.header .main-header-nav ul a{font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;color:#000;text-decoration:none;transition:all .5s}.header .main-header-nav ul a:hover{opacity:.6}.header .login-section{order:3}.header-logo img{width:138px;margin-top:33px;margin-left:-15px}.blue-line,.red-line{position:relative}.blue-line span,.red-line span{position:relative;z-index:1}.blue-line:after,.red-line:after{content:'';height:4px;width:calc(100% + 6px);position:absolute;bottom:4px;left:-3px;z-index:0}.red-line:after{background:#f59cb7}.blue-line:after{background:#6b88ff;opacity:.4}.login-section{margin-top:47px}.login-section a{color:#000;text-decoration:none;transition:all .3s;-webkit-transition:all .3s}.login-section a:hover{opacity:.8}.login-section .login-btn{position:relative;padding-right:43px}.login-section .login-btn:after{content:'';width:2px;height:40px;background:#ff4476;position:absolute;right:18px;top:-9px}.login-section .smartbrain{font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;margin-right:-2px;display:inline-block}.login-section .smartbrain .arrow{color:#ff4476}}@media screen and (min-width:1330px){.header .container{width:1310px;margin:0 auto;box-sizing:border-box;padding:6px 0 29px}.header-logo img{margin-left:0}}@media screen and (min-width:1350px){.header .container{width:1330px}}.footer{background:#fff}.footer .container{padding:33px 24px}.footer .copyright-box{margin-bottom:26px}.footer .copyright-box p,.footer .footer-center p{color:#363636;line-height:30px;margin:0}.footer .email-box .email,.footer a{margin-bottom:6px;display:inline-block;color:#6b88ff;text-decoration:none}.footer .email-box .email:hover,.footer a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.footer .email-box .legal-info{margin-bottom:16px;display:block;text-decoration:none}.footer .email-box .legal-info:hover{text-decoration:underline}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.footer{overflow:hidden}.footer .container{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:33px 24px 0}.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center{width:100%}.footer-center{text-align:center}.email-box{text-align:right}}@media screen and (min-width:1000px){.copyright-box p br:first-of-type{display:none}.email-box{text-align:right;box-sizing:border-box;padding:4px 0 0 6px}.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center{width:30%}}@media screen and (min-width:1330px){.footer .container{width:1330px;margin:0 auto;box-sizing:border-box;padding:33px 64px 0}}@media screen and (min-width:1448px){.footer .container{width:1448px}.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center{width:33%}}.blog-slider-box{margin-bottom:33px;overflow:hidden}.blog-slider-box .slick-arrow{display:none!important}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide{min-height:520px;background-size:cover;background-position:center;text-align:center;padding-top:19px;padding-bottom:47px;color:#fff;box-sizing:border-box}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide .slide-content{height:430px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide p{font-size:24px;line-height:1.33;display:none}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h3{font-size:24px;letter-spacing:.4px;margin-bottom:125px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h3 a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h4{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:40px;letter-spacing:.4px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h4 a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h4 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h2{font-size:32px;font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;line-height:1.25;margin-bottom:118px;padding:0 20px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide .slider-read-more{color:#fff;padding:18px;border:2px solid #fff;border-radius:28px;height:56px;width:216px;display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box;outline:0;transition:all .3s;-webkit-transition:all .3s;margin-top:auto}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide .slider-read-more:hover{background:#fff;color:#000}.blog-slider-box .slick-dots{list-style:none;position:absolute;width:100%;padding:0;margin:0;text-align:center;bottom:10px}.blog-slider-box .slick-dots li{padding:0;margin:0;width:8px;height:8px;display:inline-block;border:1px solid #fff;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 4px}.blog-slider-box .slick-dots li button{display:none}.blog-slider-box .slick-dots li.slick-active{background:#fff}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide p,.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h1{display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;word-break:break-word;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden}@media screen and (max-width:350px){.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h2{margin-bottom:78px}}@media screen and (min-width:600px){.blog-slider-box .blog-slide p{display:-webkit-box;font-size:16px;margin-bottom:60px;padding:0 20px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h2{margin-bottom:60px}}@media screen and (min-width:1000px){.blog-slider-box .slick-arrow{display:block!important;border:0;z-index:10;background-color:transparent;cursor:pointer;font-size:0;outline:0;-webkit-transition:opacity .3s;-moz-transition:opacity .3s;-ms-transition:opacity .3s;-o-transition:opacity .3s}.blog-slider-box .slick-arrow.slick-prev{background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/chevron-left.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;width:23px;height:41px;position:absolute;top:272px;left:79px}.blog-slider-box .slick-arrow.slick-next{background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/chevron-right.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;width:23px;height:41px;position:absolute;top:272px;right:75px}.blog-slider-box .slick-arrow:hover{opacity:.8}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide{min-height:568px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide .slide-content{height:460px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h1{margin-bottom:50px;line-height:1.5}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide p{font-size:24px;padding:0 150px;margin-bottom:50px;line-height:1.5}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h3{font-size:24px;margin-top:34px;margin-bottom:70px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h2{font-size:32px;line-height:1.17;padding:0 150px}.blog-slider-box .slick-dots{bottom:27px}}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h1{padding:0 20px}@media screen and (min-width:1456px){.blog-slider-box .container{width:1456px;padding:0;margin:0 auto}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide p{padding:0 250px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h2{padding:0 200px}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide h1{padding:0 200px}}.blog-posts-section{overflow:hidden}.posts-header-tags ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;text-align:center;-webkit-transition:all .3s;-moz-transition:all .3s;-ms-transition:all .3s;-o-transition:all .3s;transition:all .3s}.posts-header-tags ul li{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:24px}.posts-header-tags ul li a{border-radius:28px;height:40px;display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;color:#8d97a1;padding:12px 51px;margin-right:12px;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #bdc9d5;outline:0;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s}.posts-header-tags ul li a:hover{background:#bdc9d5;color:#fff;opacity:.8}.posts-header-tags ul li a:hover.active:hover{background:#bdc9d5;color:#fff;cursor:default;opacity:1}.posts-header-tags ul li a.active{background:#bdc9d5;color:#fff}.posts-header-tags ul li.more-tags{display:none;background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/more-tags.svg) no-repeat;width:40px;height:40px;vertical-align:bottom;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s;border-radius:50%}.posts-header-tags ul li.more-tags:hover{background-color:#ff00001c}.blog-posts{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;flex-wrap:wrap}.blog-post{background:#fff;border-radius:8px;width:312px;min-height:440px;position:relative;margin-bottom:23px;box-sizing:border-box;padding-bottom:60px}.blog-post>a{color:#000}.blog-post .__no_image .blog-post-title{margin-top:40px}.blog-post .blog-post-thumbnail{width:296px;height:248px;border-radius:4px;margin:8px 8px 20px;box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden}.blog-post .blog-post-thumbnail .inner{width:100%;height:100%;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-transition:all .3s;-moz-transition:all .3s;-ms-transition:all .3s;-o-transition:all .3s;transition:all .3s}.blog-post .blog-post-thumbnail .inner:hover{opacity:.7}.blog-post .blog-post-title{font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;padding:0 21px 0 24px;margin:0;display:inline-block;font-size:24px;line-height:1.34;box-sizing:border-box}.blog-post .blog-post-title span{border-bottom:1px solid transparent;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s}.blog-post .blog-post-title:hover span{border-bottom:1px solid #000;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s}.blog-post-meta{display:flex;align-content:center;position:absolute;bottom:17px;left:0;padding:0 22px 0 25px;width:100%;justify-content:space-between;box-sizing:border-box}.blog-post-meta .comments span,.blog-post-meta .date span,.blog-post-meta .views span{color:#92999d;line-height:1.5}.blog-post-meta .comments{margin-right:20px}.blog-post-meta .comments .icon-comments{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/comments.svg) no-repeat;width:12px;height:12px;display:inline-block;position:relative;top:2px;left:-4px}.blog-post-meta .views .icon-views{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/views.svg) no-repeat;width:12px;height:12px;display:inline-block;margin-right:7px;position:relative;top:2px}.blog-post-meta .icons-meta{display:flex}.pagination-container{text-align:center}.more-posts{position:relative;height:56px;border-radius:28px;background-color:#ff4476;color:#fff;line-height:1.5;padding:10px;border:none;margin:25px auto;cursor:pointer;outline:0;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s}.more-posts:hover{opacity:.9}.more-posts .ajax-loader{display:none;position:absolute;top:12px;right:20px}@media screen and (min-width:640px) and (max-width:1000px){.blog-post{margin-left:20px;margin-right:20px}.blog-posts{justify-content:center}.more-posts{margin-left:150px;margin-right:150px}}@media screen and (max-width:969px){.posts-header-tags ul.posts-tag-list{text-align:left;padding-left:16px;display:flex;align-items:center;width:100%;overflow:auto;box-sizing:border-box;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none}.posts-header-tags ul.posts-tag-list::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.posts-header-tags ul.posts-tag-list a{font-size:12px;height:17px;padding:5px 24px 17px;margin-right:6px;white-space:nowrap}.blog-slider-box{margin-bottom:24px}.blog-posts{justify-content:center}.more-posts{margin-top:0;padding:17px 85px;margin-bottom:73px}}@media screen and (min-width:970px){.blog-posts-section .container{width:970px;margin:0 auto}.more-posts{width:200px;height:56px;display:flex;justify-content:space-around;align-items:center}.phone-image{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/subscribe.png) no-repeat;width:312px;height:347px;min-width:312px;background-size:contain}.posts-header-tags{margin-bottom:16px}.posts-header-tags ul{padding-left:0}.posts-header-tags ul li.not-active{display:none}.posts-header-tags ul li.more-tags{display:inline-block}.posts-header-tags ul li{margin-bottom:16px}}@media screen and (min-width:1001px){.blog-posts{justify-content:flex-start}.blog-post{margin-right:16px}.blog-post:nth-of-type(3n+3){margin-right:0}.more-posts .ajax-loader{right:auto}}.subscribe-section{overflow:hidden}.subscribe{margin-bottom:20px;margin-top:40px}.subscribe h3{font-size:24px;color:#363636;line-height:1.33;margin:0 0 7px}.subscribe p{line-height:1.5;color:#363636;display:inline-block;margin:0 0 16px}.subscribe form{position:relative}.subscribe .email-field{border-radius:4px;border:2px solid #f3f6f9;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:17px 24px;margin-bottom:24px;outline:0;transition:all .5s;height:60px}.subscribe .email-field.wpcf7-not-valid{border-color:red}.subscribe .email-field:focus{border:solid 2px #6b88ff}.subscribe .email-field::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.subscribe .email-field::-moz-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.subscribe .email-field:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.subscribe .email-field:-moz-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.subscribe .btn-submit{border-radius:28px;background-color:#6b88ff;height:56px;max-width:312px;border:0;color:#fff;width:100%;cursor:pointer;outline:0;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s}.subscribe .btn-submit:disabled,.single-subscribe .btn-submit:disabled{background:#c2ceff}.subscribe .btn-submit:hover,.single-subscribe .btn-submit:hover{background:#8aa0fb}.subscribe .personal-data-box{margin-bottom:17px}.subscribe .personal-data-label{cursor:pointer;display:flex}.subscribe .personal-data-label .check-icon{width:16px;height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#fff}.subscribe .personal-data-label a{color:#6b88ff;line-height:1.5;text-decoration:none}.subscribe .personal-data-label a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.subscribe .personal-data-label span{padding-left:16px;display:inline-block;line-height:1.5;user-select:none}.subscribe .personal-data-checkbox{display:none}.subscribe .personal-data-checkbox:checked+.personal-data-label .check-icon{background:#6b88ff url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/checked.svg) no-repeat center center;background-size:11px}.subscribe .info-msg{display:none;margin:15px 0 0;font-size:15px}.subscribe .terms{display:none}.subscribe .ajax-loader{position:absolute;top:20px}.subscribe .wpcf7-not-valid-tip,.subscribe div.wpcf7-response-output{display:none!important}.subscribe-section .subscribe .personal-data-label span br,.single-subscribe .personal-data-label span br,{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:650px){.subscribe-section .container{margin:0 auto;display:flex}.subscribe-section .subscribe h3{font-size:24px;line-height:1.4;color:#000;margin-bottom:18px}.subscribe-section .subscribe p{font-size:18px;line-height:1.33;max-width:70%;margin-bottom:24px}.subscribe-section .subscribe .email-field{max-width:400px;padding:19px 21px 15px}.subscribe-section .subscribe form{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.subscribe-section .subscribe form .email-field{margin-right:14px}.subscribe-section .subscribe .personal-data-box{order:2}.subscribe-section .subscribe .btn-submit{order:1;max-width:200px;margin-bottom:24px}.subscribe-section .subscribe .info-msg{margin:15px 0 0;font-size:15px}}@media screen and (min-width:655px){.subscribe-section .container{width:655px}}@media screen and (min-width:970px){.subscribe-section{padding-top:40px}.subscribe-section .container{width:970px}.subscribe-section .subscribe{margin-bottom:40px}.phone-image{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/subscribe.png) no-repeat;width:312px;height:347px;min-width:312px;background-size:contain;align-self:flex-end;margin-left:20px}}@media screen and (min-width:1155px){.subscribe-section{padding-top:110px}.subscribe-section .container{width:1155px;margin:0 auto;display:flex}.subscribe-section .phone-image{margin-left:0}}.banner{min-height:520px;text-align:center;background-color:#9e9e9e;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;color:#fff;box-sizing:border-box;padding-bottom:30px}.single-banner .banner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.banner h3{font-size:24px;font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;line-height:2;letter-spacing:.4px;display:inline-block;margin-top:28px;margin-bottom:50px}.banner h3 a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.banner h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.banner h4{font-size:18px;font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;line-height:2;letter-spacing:.4px;display:inline-block;margin-top:28px;margin-bottom:80px}.banner h4 a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.banner h4 a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.banner h2{line-height:1.25;font-size:32px;font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;padding:0 20px;margin-bottom:113px}.banner h1{line-height:1.5;font-size:2.45em;font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;padding:0 20px;margin-bottom:140px}@media (min-width:1280px){.banner h1{padding:0 300px}}.banner .meta-info{text-align:center;padding:0 20px;display:flex;justify-content:center;margin-top:auto}.banner .meta-info>div{display:inline-block}.banner .i-comments-w{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/comments-white.svg) no-repeat;width:12px;height:12px;display:inline-block;position:relative;top:2px;margin-right:4px}.banner .i-views-w{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/views-white.svg) no-repeat;width:12px;height:12px;display:inline-block;position:relative;top:1px;margin-right:7px}.banner .date{margin-left:-3px;margin-right:33px}.banner .comments{margin-right:20px}@media screen and (min-width:550px){.banner h2{font-size:32px}}@media screen and (min-width:800px){.banner h3{font-size:24px;line-height:1.33;letter-spacing:.6px;margin-top:49px;margin-bottom:69px}.banner h2{font-size:32px;line-height:1.17;padding:0 5%}.banner .i-views-w{top:2px;margin-right:8px}}@media screen and (min-width:1100px){.banner h2{padding:0 15%;margin-bottom:84px}}@media screen and (min-width:1256px){.banner{min-height:500px}.banner h2{padding:0 21%}}@media screen and (min-width:1486px){.single-banner .container{width:1456px;margin:0 auto}}.related-posts-section{background-color:#f3f6f9;overflow:hidden}.related-posts-section h2{font-family:Circe-bold;font-size:32px;line-height:1.33;text-align:center;margin-bottom:15px;display:inline-block;width:100%}.related-posts-section .blog-post-title{text-align:left}.related-posts-section .slick-arrow,.related-posts-section .slick-dots{display:none!important}.related-posts-section .blog-post{min-height:440px!important;margin-right:8px;outline:0}.related-posts-section .blog-post a{outline:0}.related-posts-section .related-posts{padding-left:17px;margin-bottom:65px}@media screen and (min-width:1015px){.related-posts-section{padding-bottom:1px}.related-posts-section .container{width:980px;margin:0 auto}.related-posts-section h2{font-size:32px;line-height:1.29;margin-bottom:29px;margin-top:75px}.related-posts-section .related-posts{padding-left:0;margin-bottom:72px;position:relative;left:6px}.related-posts-section .blog-post{margin-right:16px}}@media screen and (min-width:1135px){.related-posts-section .slick-arrow{display:block!important;border:0;text-indent:-9999px;position:absolute;z-index:2;outline:0;transition:all .3s;-webkit-transition:all .3s;cursor:pointer}.related-posts-section .slick-arrow:hover{opacity:.8}.related-posts-section .slick-arrow.slick-prev{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/chevron-left-gray.svg) no-repeat;height:40px;width:25px;left:-67px;top:200px;background-size:21px}.related-posts-section .slick-arrow.slick-next{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/chevron-right-gray.svg) no-repeat;background-size:21px;height:40px;width:25px;right:-57px;top:200px}}.single-subscribe-section{background:#f3f6f9;max-width:1456px;margin:0 auto}.single-subscribe{padding:0 24px 24px;margin-bottom:33px}.single-subscribe h3{color:#363636;line-height:1.5;font-size:24px;font-family:Circe,sans-serif;font-weight:400;margin-top:24px;margin-bottom:10px;display:inline-block}.single-subscribe .email-field{height:56px;border-radius:4px;width:100%;padding:10px 23px;box-sizing:border-box;border:solid 2px #f3f6f9;margin-bottom:15px;outline:0;transition:all .5s}.single-subscribe .email-field.wpcf7-not-valid{border-color:red}.single-subscribe .email-field:focus{border:solid 2px #6b88ff}.single-subscribe .email-field::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.single-subscribe .email-field::-moz-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.single-subscribe .email-field:-ms-input-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.single-subscribe .email-field:-moz-placeholder{color:#010101;opacity:.2}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label{cursor:pointer;display:flex}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label .check-icon{width:16px;height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#fff}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label a{color:#6b88ff;line-height:1.5;text-decoration:none}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label span{padding-left:14px;display:inline-block;line-height:1.5}.single-subscribe .personal-data-checkbox{display:none}.single-subscribe .personal-data-checkbox{display:none}.single-subscribe .personal-data-checkbox:checked+.personal-data-label .check-icon{background:#6b88ff url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/checked.svg) no-repeat center center;background-size:11px}.single-subscribe form{position:relative}.single-subscribe .btn-submit{position:absolute;top:15px;right:16px;background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/blue-arrow.svg) no-repeat;width:24px;height:24px;border:0;text-indent:-99999px;cursor:pointer;outline:0;-webkit-transition:all .2s;-moz-transition:all .2s;-ms-transition:all .2s;-o-transition:all .2s;transition:all .2s}.single-subscribe .info-msg{position:absolute;display:none;margin:5px;font-size:15px}.single-subscribe .terms{display:none}.single-subscribe .ajax-loader{position:absolute;top:20px}.single-subscribe .wpcf7-response-output.wpcf7-validation-errors{display:none !important}@media screen and (min-width:900px){.single-subscribe-section .container{display:flex}.single-subscribe-section .phone-image{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/posts/single-subscribe.png) no-repeat;background-position:left -76px;margin-top:40px;min-width:271px;width:271px;height:207px;margin-left:80px;align-self:auto}.single-subscribe{margin-bottom:5px}.single-subscribe h3{font-size:24px;line-height:1.33}.single-subscribe .email-field{margin-bottom:8px;width:400px}}@media screen and (min-width:900px) and (max-width:1019px){.single-subscribe form{max-width:400px}}@media screen and (min-width:1020px){.single-subscribe .btn-submit{background-image:none;text-indent:0;height:56px;width:200px;color:#fff;border-radius:28px;background-color:#6b88ff;font-family:Circe-bold,sans-serif;top:0;left:370px}}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label span br{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1200px){.single-subscribe-section .container{width:990px;margin:0 auto}.single-subscribe h3{margin-bottom:16px;margin-top:27px}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label span{padding-left:16px}}.post-section{margin-top:33px}.post-section .post-tags{padding:0 24px;text-align:center;margin-bottom:-15px}.post-section .post-tags ul{list-style:none;padding:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;margin:0;flex-wrap:wrap}.post-section .post-tags ul li{margin:0 10px 15px}.post-section .post-tags ul a{text-decoration:none;color:#8d97a1;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;height:24px;border:1px solid #bdc9d5;border-radius:28px;padding:3px 20px;margin-top:0;display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;transition:all .2s;-webkit-transition:all .2s}.post-section .post-tags ul a:hover{background:#bdc9d5;color:#fff}.post-section.comments-area{margin-top:18px;margin-bottom:45px}.post-section.comments-area #disqus_thread{padding:0 15px}.socials{position:absolute;right:-51px;top:90px}.socials .icon{border-radius:32px;border:1px solid #bdc9d5;width:64px;height:64px;background-color:#fff;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;transition:background-color .2s;-webkit-transition:background-color .2s;cursor:pointer}.socials .icon.i-facebok{background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/facebook.svg)}.socials .icon.i-vk{background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/vk.svg)}.socials .icon.i-twitter{background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/twitter.svg)}.socials .icon.i-telegram{background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/telegram.svg)}.socials div{display:flex;align-content:center;align-items:center;margin-bottom:8px}.socials div>span{font-size:12px;color:#7a7f82;line-height:1.34;margin-left:12px}.socials div:hover .i-facebok{border:1px solid #3a5998;background-color:#3a5998;background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/facebook-w.svg)}.socials div:hover .i-vk{border:1px solid #597ba0;background-color:#597ba0;background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/vk-w.svg)}.socials div:hover .i-twitter{border:1px solid #00aced;background-color:#00aced;background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/twitter-w.svg)}.socials div:hover .i-telegram{border:1px solid #41b4e6;background-color:#41b4e6;background-image:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/telegram-w.svg)}.author-section{padding:17px 11px 0 16px;margin-bottom:48px}.author-section .author-avatar{width:56px;height:56px;background-color:#92999d;border-radius:50%;background-size:contain;flex:0 0 56px}.author-section .author-box{display:flex;margin-bottom:31px}.author-section .initials{padding-left:17px;padding-top:8px}.author-section .initials .name{color:#6b88ff;line-height:1.5;text-decoration:none;margin-bottom:3px;display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;transition:all .2s;-webkit-transition:all .2s}.author-section .initials .name:hover{border-bottom:1px solid #6b88ff;transition:all .2s;-webkit-transition:all .2s}.author-section .initials .profession{color:#363636}.author-section .redaction-opinion{line-height:1.34;font-size:12px;color:#7a7f82}.author-section .redaction-opinion a{color:#6b88ff}.author-section .redaction-opinion a:hover{text-decoration:none}.post-content{padding:0 16px}.post-content h3{font-family:Circe;font-weight:400;font-size:24px;line-height:1.34;margin-bottom:15px;color:#363636}.post-content .post-subtitle{text-align:center}.post-content p{line-height:1.5;margin-top:0;color:#000;padding-bottom:9px}.post-content .empty-paragraph{margin:0;padding:0}.post-content h2{margin-top:27px;margin-bottom:24px;color:#000;line-height:1.33;font-size:32px;font-family:Circe-bold}.post-content strong{font-family:Circe-bold}.post-content .vk-banner{padding-top:7px;margin-bottom:30px;text-align:center}.post-content .vk-banner img{width:100%}.post-content .vk-banner p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.34;color:#7a7f82;text-align:center}.post-content .comment-banner{margin-bottom:40px}.post-content .comment-banner img{max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;display:block}.post-content .comment-banner p{color:#7a7f82;line-height:1.34;font-size:12px;text-align:center;margin-top:8px}.post-content blockquote{color:#363636;border-left:4px solid #ff4476;padding-left:24px;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 0 48px;padding:12px 24px 8px}.post-content blockquote span{margin-bottom:2px;display:inline-block}.post-content blockquote a{color:#ff4476;line-height:1.5}.post-content blockquote a:hover{text-decoration:none}.post-content blockquote p{margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.post-content figure{max-width:100%;margin-top:25px!important;margin-bottom:36px!important;width:100%!important}.post-content img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.post-content figcaption{margin:10px auto;width:90%;color:#7a7f82;line-height:1.34;font-size:12px;text-align:center}.post-content p:blank{color:red}.post-content ul li{line-height:1.5}.post-content .aligncenter{margin:0 auto;text-align:center}.post-content .alignleft{margin:0 auto;text-align:left}.post-content .alignright{margin:0 auto;text-align:right}@media screen and (min-width:660px){.post-section.comments-area{margin-top:18px;margin-bottom:45px}.post-section.comments-area #disqus_thread{padding:0 57px}.author-section{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;align-content:flex-start;padding:51px 11px 0 43px}.author-section .author-box{min-width:300px}.author-section .author-box .author-avatar{width:96px;height:96px;flex:0 0 96px;margin-top:10px}.author-section .author-box .name{font-size:18px;line-height:24px}.author-section .author-box .profession{line-height:1.5;font-size:16px}.author-section .author-box .initials{padding-left:21px}.author-section .redaction-opinion{border-left:2px solid #dee4ea;max-width:360px;margin-right:36px;margin-top:7px;padding:9px 3px 7px 22px;box-sizing:border-box}}@media screen and (max-width:999px){.post-section p{margin-bottom:14px}.post-section p.text-1{margin-bottom:66px}.post-section .content-list br{display:none}}@media screen and (min-width:1000px){.post-section{margin-top:49px}.post-section .container{width:970px;margin:0 auto;position:relative}.post-section .post-tags{margin-bottom:27px}.post-section .post-tags ul a{font-size:16px;line-height:2;color:#8d97a1;height:40px;padding:4px 45px}.post-section .post-content h3{padding:0 20px;margin-bottom:38px}.post-section .post-content h2{font-size:32px;line-height:1.25;padding:0 32px;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:33px}.post-section .post-content p{padding:0 32px;margin-bottom:24px}.post-section .post-content p.text-1{margin-bottom:74px;padding:0 32px}.post-section .post-content .vk-banner{padding-top:12px}.post-section .post-content .vk-banner img{display:block;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;width:auto}.post-section .post-content .vk-banner p{max-width:700px;padding:14px 87px;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 auto}.post-section .post-content ul{list-style:none;margin-top:23px}.post-section .post-content ul.content-list{margin-bottom:76px}.post-section .post-content ul li{line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;position:relative;padding-left:27px;padding-right:27px;box-sizing:border-box}.post-section .post-content ul li:before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;left:4px;top:8px;width:4px;height:4px;background:#000;border-radius:50%}.post-section .post-content .title-2{margin-bottom:36px}.post-section .post-content blockquote{padding:8px 24px 8px;margin-left:32px;margin-bottom:34px}.post-section .post-content figure{max-width:100%;margin-bottom:40px!important}.post-section .post-content figcaption{margin:8px auto 10px;width:75%;color:#7a7f82;line-height:1.34;font-size:12px;text-align:center}.post-section .post-content img{max-width:100%;width:auto}.post-section .post-content .comment-banner{padding-top:16px}.post-section .post-content .comment-banner img{margin:0 auto;display:block}.post-section .post-content img{margin-top:16px}}@media screen and (max-width:1160px){.socials{display:none}}@media screen and (min-width:1360px){.socials{right:-181px;top:90px}}.specialists{padding-bottom:54px;background:#f2f5f9}.specialists-inner{background-color:#f3f6f9;padding-bottom:31px}.specialists-inner h2{font-family:Circe-bold;font-size:32px;line-height:1.33;text-align:center;display:inline-block;width:100%;margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:16px}.specialists-inner .make-an-order{margin-top:33px}.specialists-inner .make-an-order a{border-radius:28px;background-color:#ff4476;height:56px;line-height:1.5;font-family:Circe-bold;font-size:16px;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;line-height:56px;color:#fff;border:0;min-width:312px;margin:0 auto;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;transition:all .2s;-webkit-transition:all .2s;cursor:pointer;outline:0}.specialists-inner .make-an-order a:hover{opacity:.8}.specialists-inner .people-box{display:flex;justify-content:center;padding-left:16px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card{background:#fff;padding:16px;width:232px;box-sizing:border-box;min-height:376px;margin-right:16px;border-radius:8px;outline:0;text-decoration:none}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card:last-of-type{margin-right:0}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card:hover .photo{opacity:.8}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .photo-wrap{width:200px;height:200px;margin-bottom:16px;overflow:hidden}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .photo{width:100%;height:100%;background-size:cover;background-repeat:no-repeat;transition:all .3s}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .name{font-family:Circe-bold;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;color:#010101;display:block}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .profession{font-size:16px;line-height:18px;color:#010101;display:block;margin-bottom:13px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .exp,.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .n-projects{line-height:1.34;opacity:.6;color:#000;font-size:12px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .skills{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0;padding:0}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .skills li{color:#6b88ff;line-height:1.2;font-size:14px;letter-spacing:-.4px;margin-right:3px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .skills li a{color:#6b88ff;text-decoration:none}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .skills li a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .i-time{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/time.svg) no-repeat;width:8px;height:8px;display:inline-block;margin-right:8px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .i-pojects{background:url(//blog.french-smartbrain.com/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/css/../../assets/images/icons/hr-check.svg) no-repeat;width:8px;height:8px;display:inline-block;margin-right:4px;position:relative;top:1px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .n-projects{margin-right:15px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .meta{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin-bottom:14px}.specialists-inner .people-box .human-card .skills{list-style:none}@media screen and (min-width:732px){.specialists-inner .people-box{width:732px;margin:0 auto;padding-left:0}.specialists-inner h2{font-size:32px;line-height:1.5;margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:8px}.make-an-order{margin-top:33px}.make-an-order a{width:400px;min-width:auto}}@media screen and (min-width:950px){.specialists{background:0 0}.specialists .container{width:912px;margin:0 auto}.specialists-inner{border-radius:8px}}@font-face{font-family:icomoon;src:url(/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/fonts/IcoMoon/IcoMoon-Free.eot);src:url(/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/fonts/IcoMoon/IcoMoon-Free.eot#iefix) format('embedded-opentype'),url(/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/fonts/IcoMoon/IcoMoon-Free.ttf) format('truetype'),url(/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/fonts/IcoMoon/IcoMoon-Free.woff) format('woff'),url(/wp-content/themes/rubrain-blog/assets/fonts/IcoMoon/IcoMoon-Free.svg#icomoon) format('svg');font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:block}[class*=" icon-"],[class^=icon-]{font-family:icomoon!important;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.icon-mob-user:before{content:"\e934"}.icon-arrow-bold{position:relative;right:3px;font-size:10px;-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);display:inline-block;color:#d2deea;width:inherit;height:inherit;-webkit-transition:.3s;transition:.3s;z-index:30}.icon-arrow-bold:before{content:"\e938"}.header .login-button{height:40px;color:#6b88ff;border:1px solid #6b88ff;background:0 0;padding:0 16px;width:100%;cursor:pointer;border-radius:52px;-webkit-transition:.3s;transition:.3s;outline:0 !important;white-space:nowrap;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:inline-flex;-webkit-box-align:center;align-items:center;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;-webkit-box-pack:center;justify-content:center}.header .login-button .icon-mob-user{font-size:8px;margin-right:.5rem}.author-section .initials .name{cursor:text}.author-section .initials .name:hover{border-bottom:1px solid transparent}@media screen and (min-width:1000px){.header .container{width:1340px}.header .header-logo{padding-left:12px}.header .header-logo img{width:150px;margin-top:10px}.header .main-header-nav{-webkit-box-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex:1;flex:1 1 50%;-webkit-box-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between}.header .main-header-nav ul{margin:15px 0 0 47px}.header .main-header-nav ul li:first-of-type{margin-left:0}.header .main-header-nav ul li{margin-right:48px}.green-line:after{background:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(92,231,147,.5),rgba(92,231,147,.5))}.header .right-col{margin-top:14px;-webkit-box-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;order:3;margin-left:auto}.header .blog{margin-right:32px;font-weight:700;color:#010101;text-decoration:none;transition:.3s all}.header .blog:hover{color:#ff4476}.header .services{position:relative;margin-right:64px;display:flex;font-weight:700;font-size:16px;cursor:pointer;transition:.3s all}.header .services .label{position:relative;z-index:30;padding-right:16px;display:inline}.header .services .label:hover{color:#ff4476}.header .services.active .icon{left:3px;transform:rotate(-90deg)}.header .services-submenu{top:-18px;left:-123px;width:210px;position:absolute;box-shadow:0 3px 50px 0 rgba(107,136,255,.2);background:#fff;z-index:1003;padding:51px 16px 13px;border-radius:8px;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;flex-direction:column;text-align:right;box-sizing:border-box;z-index:10}.header .services-submenu .services-submenu-item a{display:block;padding:8px 24px 14px 10px;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transition:.3s;transition:.3s;font-weight:400;color:#000;white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:1px solid var(--input-focus-border-color);text-decoration:none;transition:.3s all}.header .services-submenu .services-submenu-item a:hover{color:#6b88ff;background:0 0}.mobile-menu-wrap{display:none}}@media (max-width:1340px) and (min-width:1000px){.header .container{width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;justify-content:space-between}.header .main-header-nav{flex:none}.header .services{margin-right:25px}.header .main-header-nav ul{margin:15px 0 0}}@media (max-width:999px) and (min-width:300px){header .right-col{display:none}header .burger{width:16px}header .container{align-items:center}header .burger span{height:2px;background:#000}.mobile-menu-wrap{display:block;position:relative;z-index:99;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:250px;height:100%;background:#fff;opacity:1;overflow-y:scroll}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap{padding:32px 0;margin-top:56px;height:calc(100% - 118px)}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap{height:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between}.mobile-menu-close{position:absolute;line-height:24px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;position:absolute;left:9px;top:19px;display:block;margin-left:12px;color:#000;text-decoration:none}.mobile-menu-close span{position:relative;display:inline-block;top:3px;font-size:30px;font-weight:500;line-height:10px;padding-right:5px}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap li{margin-bottom:19px;padding-left:40px}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap li a{font-size:15px;color:#000;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700;background-position:0 .95em;background-repeat:repeat-x;background-size:8px 4px}.green{background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,right top,from(rgba(92,231,147,.5)),to(rgba(92,231,147,.5)));background-image:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(92,231,147,.5),rgba(92,231,147,.5))}.red{background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,right top,from(rgba(255,68,118,.5)),to(rgba(255,68,118,.5)));background-image:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,68,118,.5),rgba(255,68,118,.5))}.blue{background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,right top,from(rgba(107,136,255,.5)),to(rgba(107,136,255,.5)));background-image:linear-gradient(to right,rgba(107,136,255,.5),rgba(107,136,255,.5))}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap .landings-block{cursor:pointer}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap .landings-block .icon{color:#6b88ff}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap .landings-block .label{margin-right:16px;font-size:15px;color:#000;font-weight:700}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap .mobile-submenu-services{margin-bottom:10px;padding:24px 0;color:#3f4040;backdrop-filter:blur(9px);background-color:#f5f8f9}.mobile-menu-wrap .menu-wrap .sandwich-menu-wrap .mobile-submenu-services li a{color:#3f4040;font-weight:400}.mobile-menu-socials{margin-left:35px;display:inline-block}.mobile-menu-socials a:first-child{margin-left:0}.mobile-menu-socials a{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:inline-flex;margin-left:2px}.mobile-submenu-active .icon{transform:rotate(-90deg)}body{min-width:auto}body.mobile-menu-active{overflow:hidden}body.page .menu-burger-box,body.single .menu-burger-box{color:#f3f6f9}body.page .menu-burger-box .burger span,body.single .menu-burger-box .burger span{background:#000}.mobile-menu-active .menu-burger-box:before{content:'';opacity:.5;top:0;right:0;position:absolute;display:block;height:100%;width:calc(100% - 150px);background:#000;z-index:99}.header .login-button{height:24px;font-weight:400}.header-logo img{width:113px;margin-top:12px;margin-left:0}}.post-section ol li{margin-bottom:20px}.rubrain_breadcrumbs{text-align:center;margin:30px 0;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.rubrain_breadcrumbs .breadcrumbs__link{color:#6b88ff;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:5px;font-size:18px}.rubrain_breadcrumbs .breadcrumbs__separator{display:inline-block;width:20px;height:2px;background:#f1f1f1;margin:-4px 5px 0}.rubrain_breadcrumbs .breadcrumbs__current{font-size:18px;color:#8d97a1;margin-bottom:5px}@media screen and (max-width:600px){.rubrain_breadcrumbs .breadcrumbs__current{padding:0 10px}}.iframe-holder{position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0}.iframe-holder iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.subscribe-section{margin-bottom:90px}span.wpcf7-not-valid-tip{font-size:14px}.subscribe-section .wpcf7-list-item label,.single-subscribe .wpcf7-list-item label{display:flex;align-items:center}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label>span{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.single-subscribe-section+footer,.blog-posts-section+.single-subscribe-section{margin-top:90px}@media (max-width:767px){.subscribe{padding:0 20px}.subscribe-section .subscribe .btn-submit{position:static !important}.subscribe-section{margin-bottom:30px}.single-subscribe-section+footer,.blog-posts-section+.single-subscribe-section{margin-top:30px}.footer-box-1{width:100%}}.footer-contacts{gap:10px}.footer-contacts>div:first-child{flex-basis:75px !important;flex-grow:0 !important}.footer-contacts>div:first-child p{margin:4px 0 0}footer p,footer a,.footer .copyright-box p,.footer .footer-center p{font-weight:400;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:#33353c}.modal{font-family:-apple-system,Circe,sans-serif,BlinkMacSystemFont,avenir next,avenir,helvetica neue,helvetica,ubuntu,roboto,noto,segoe ui,arial,sans-serif}#modal-3{display:none}#modal-3.is-open{display:block}.modal__overlay{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;z-index:9999}.modal__container{background-color:#fff;padding:30px;max-width:700px;max-height:100vh;border-radius:4px;overflow-y:auto;box-sizing:border-box}.modal__header{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.modal__title{word-break:break-word;font-size:32px;font-weight:700}.modal__close{background:0 0;border:0}.modal__header .modal__close:before{content:"\2715"}.modal__content{margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem;line-height:1.5;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}.modal__btn{font-size:.875rem;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem;padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem;background-color:#e6e6e6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-radius:.25rem;border-style:none;border-width:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-appearance:button;text-transform:none;overflow:visible;line-height:1.15;margin:0;will-change:transform;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0);transition:-webkit-transform .25s ease-out;transition:transform .25s ease-out;transition:transform .25s ease-out,-webkit-transform .25s ease-out}.modal__btn:focus,.modal__btn:hover{-webkit-transform:scale(1.05);transform:scale(1.05)}.modal__btn-primary{background-color:#00449e;color:#fff}.footer-modal{cursor:pointer}@keyframes mmfadeIn{from{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes mmfadeOut{from{opacity:1}to{opacity:0}}@keyframes mmslideIn{from{transform:translateY(15%)}to{transform:translateY(0)}}@keyframes mmslideOut{from{transform:translateY(0)}to{transform:translateY(-10%)}}.micromodal-slide{display:none}.micromodal-slide.is-open{display:block}.micromodal-slide[aria-hidden=false] .modal__overlay{animation:mmfadeIn .3s cubic-bezier(0,.0,.2,1)}.micromodal-slide[aria-hidden=false] .modal__container{animation:mmslideIn .3s cubic-bezier(0,0,.2,1)}.micromodal-slide[aria-hidden=true] .modal__overlay{animation:mmfadeOut .3s cubic-bezier(0,.0,.2,1)}.micromodal-slide[aria-hidden=true] .modal__container{animation:mmslideOut .3s cubic-bezier(0,0,.2,1)}.micromodal-slide .modal__container,.micromodal-slide .modal__overlay{will-change:transform}.address-popup__address-country{margin-bottom:8px;font-weight:700;font-size:24px}.address-popup__address{margin-bottom:24px}.address-popup__address-phone{color:#33353c;text-decoration:none}.address-popup__addresses{margin-top:32px}.address-popup__address p{margin:0}div.wpcf7-mail-sent-ok{display:none !important}
.slick-slider{position:relative;display:block;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-khtml-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;-ms-touch-action:pan-y;touch-action:pan-y;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}.slick-list{position:relative;overflow:hidden;display:block;margin:0;padding:0}.slick-list:focus{outline:0}.slick-list.dragging{cursor:pointer;cursor:hand}.slick-slider .slick-list,.slick-slider .slick-track{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);-o-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.slick-track{position:relative;left:0;top:0;display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.slick-track:after,.slick-track:before{content:"";display:table}.slick-track:after{clear:both}.slick-loading .slick-track{visibility:hidden}.slick-slide{float:left;height:100%;min-height:1px;display:none}[dir=rtl] .slick-slide{float:right}.slick-slide img{display:block}.slick-slide.slick-loading img{display:none}.slick-slide.dragging img{pointer-events:none}.slick-initialized .slick-slide{display:block}.slick-loading .slick-slide{visibility:hidden}.slick-vertical .slick-slide{display:block;height:auto;border:1px solid transparent}.slick-arrow.slick-hidden{display:none}div.scrollWrapper{position:relative;overflow:hidden;width:100%;height:100%}div.scrollableArea{position:relative;width:auto;height:100%}.blog-slide{display:none}.blog-slide:first-child,.blog-slide.slick-slide{display:block}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label .check-icon,.subscribe .personal-data-label .check-icon{width:18px;height:18px;position:relative;top:20px;border:2px solid #f3f6f9;box-sizing:border-box}.subscribe-section .subscribe .btn-submit{padding:0 60px;font-size:16px;position:relative;left:-40px;top:2px}.subscribe-section .subscribe .email-field{padding:16px 21px 13px}
.wrap[_ngcontent-my-app-c6]>[_ngcontent-my-app-c6]{display:-webkit-box;display:flex}.f-col-1[_ngcontent-my-app-c6]{max-width:336px}.f-col-2[_ngcontent-my-app-c6]{max-width:448px}.footer-center{text-align:left;line-height:1.5}.f-col-3[_ngcontent-my-app-c6]{max-width:312px}.f-col-4[_ngcontent-my-app-c6]{max-width:232px}.email-box{text-align:left}.f-col-3 li{list-style:none}.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center .footer-social{width:100%}.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center{width:100%}.social-link{margin-right:8px;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:inline-flex;vertical-align:middle}.email-box ul{margin:-7px;line-height:13px}@media (max-width:768px){.header .header-logo img{width:150px;margin-top:15px!important}.footer-container{grid-template-columns:1fr;margin-bottom:50px;grid-gap:24px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;display:grid!important;padding:0 29px!important}.blue{background-image:none}}@media (min-width:769px) and (max-width:1020px){.copyright-box,.email-box,.footer-center .footer-social{width:50%}.footer-container{padding:0 29px!important;font-size:15px}.blue{background-image:none}}.footer .container{padding:53px 20px}.more-posts.header-create-project{height:40px;margin:0;width:auto;padding:0 45px;top:-10px}.header .main-header-nav ul{margin:25px 0 0 110px}.header .services{margin-right:0}.header .login-button{height:22px;color:#000;border:0;background:0 0;font-weight:700;font-size:18px;padding:0;border-radius:0}.header .login-button img{padding-right:8px;position:relative;top:-2px}.main-header-nav{font-size:16px;font-weight:700}.header .main-header-nav ul li{margin-right:48px}.header .blog{margin-right:0}.blog-post .blog-post-title:hover span{border-bottom:none}.blog-post .blog-post-title span{border-bottom:none}.blog-post .blog-post-title{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;display:-moz-box;-moz-box-orient:vertical;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:4;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;line-clamp:4;box-orient:vertical}.blog-post>a{color:#000;text-decoration:none}:root{box-sizing:border-box}*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:inherit}.footer-container{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;max-width:83em;margin:0 auto;padding:4em 0}[class*=footer-box-]{flex:100%}[class*=footer-box-]>ul{list-style:none;padding-left:0;margin:0;font-size:.875rem}[class*=footer-box-]>ul>li+li{margin-top:1em}[class*=footer-box-]>h3,[class*=footer-box-]>ul>li>a{color:#fff;text-transform:uppercase}[class*=footer-box-]>ul>li>a{text-decoration:none}@media screen and (min-width:40rem){[class*=footer-box-]{flex:50%}}@media screen and (min-width:60rem){[class*=footer-box-1]{flex:40%}[class*=footer-box-2]{flex:50%}[class*=footer-box-3]{flex:12%}[class*=footer-box-4]{flex:23%}.social-box{text-align:right}.footer .container{width:1382px}}@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.f-col-4.ng-star-inserted{display:block;width:90%}.header .container{width:1340px;padding:0 40px}}.footer{overflow:hidden;background:#f3f6f9}[class*=footer-box-]{min-height:100px}.related-posts-section .blog-post{min-height:470px !important;margin-right:8px;outline:0}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide{position:relative}.blog-slider-box .blog-slide:before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;z-index:1;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5)}.slide-content{z-index:2;position:relative;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px #000,0 0 1em #000}.banner{position:relative}.banner:before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;top:0;z-index:1;background:rgba(0,0,0,.5)}.banner-content{z-index:2;position:relative;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px #000,0 0 1em #000}.meta-info{position:relative;z-index:2}.login-button{font-size:16px !important}.blog-slider-box{margin-top:30px}.icon.icon-arrow-bold{color:#000}.label{padding-right:5px !important}.more-posts.header-create-project{font-weight:400;font-size:16px;font-family:Circe,sans-serif}.services-submenu-item{font-weight:400;font-size:16px;font-family:Circe,sans-serif}.sub-link{font-family:Circe,sans-serif!important}@media screen and (min-width:1000px){.header .services-submenu{top:40px;left:-70px;width:210px;position:absolute;box-shadow:0 3px 50px 0 rgba(107,136,255,.2);background:#fff;z-index:1003;padding:25px 16px 13px;border-radius:8px;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;flex-direction:column;text-align:left;box-sizing:border-box;z-index:10}.header .services-submenu .services-submenu-item a{display:block;padding:8px 24px 14px;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transition:.3s;transition:.3s;font-weight:400;color:#000;white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:1px solid var(--input-focus-border-color);text-decoration:none;transition:.3s all}}.subscribe .personal-data-label .check-icon{border:1px solid #000}div.wpcf7-validation-errors,div.wpcf7-acceptance-missing{border:1px solid red}div.wpcf7-response-output{margin:0 0 1em;padding:.2em 1em}input[type=checkbox]{-ms-transform:scale(1.5);-moz-transform:scale(1.5);-webkit-transform:scale(1.5);-o-transform:scale(1.5);transform:scale(1.5);padding:0;height:16px;width:16px}span.wpcf7-list-item{display:inline-block;margin:0 0 0 .4em}.accept-terms{padding-left:10px !important}.footer-box-1{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;display:inline-flex}.footer-box-2{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;display:inline-flex}.footer-box-3{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;display:inline-flex;flex:16%}.footer-box-4{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;display:inline-flex}.footer .email-box .email,.footer a{margin:4px 0 0;display:inline-block;color:#6b88ff;text-decoration:none}.ng-star-inserted.line{margin-top:5px}.support-links{margin:0;padding:0}.link.footer.ng-star-inserted.support{display:inline-flex}.social-link.ng-star-inserted{margin-right:8px}input[type=checkbox]{transform:none}.single-subscribe .personal-data-label span{padding-left:0}.blog-post-meta .comments{display:none}.banner .comments{display:none !important}.single-banner{margin-top:30px}.phone-image{z-index:99}.header .header-logo img{width:150px;margin-top:35px}.header .blog{font-weight:400}.footer .copyright-box{margin-bottom:0}.ng-star-inserted.contacts{margin-top:4px}
.post-content .aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;display:block}
:root{--wpforms-field-border-radius:3px;--wpforms-field-background-color:#fff;--wpforms-field-border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.25);--wpforms-field-text-color:rgba(0,0,0,.7);--wpforms-label-color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);--wpforms-label-sublabel-color:rgba(0,0,0,.55);--wpforms-label-error-color:#d63637;--wpforms-button-border-radius:3px;--wpforms-button-background-color:#066aab;--wpforms-button-text-color:#fff;--wpforms-field-size-input-height:43px;--wpforms-field-size-input-spacing:15px;--wpforms-field-size-font-size:16px;--wpforms-field-size-line-height:19px;--wpforms-field-size-padding-h:14px;--wpforms-field-size-checkbox-size:16px;--wpforms-field-size-sublabel-spacing:5px;--wpforms-field-size-icon-size:1;--wpforms-label-size-font-size:16px;--wpforms-label-size-line-height:19px;--wpforms-label-size-sublabel-font-size:14px;--wpforms-label-size-sublabel-line-height:17px;--wpforms-button-size-font-size:17px;--wpforms-button-size-height:41px;--wpforms-button-size-padding-h:15px;--wpforms-button-size-margin-top:10px}
.wp-container-3.wp-container-3{flex-wrap:nowrap}
Les informaticiens célèbres et leurs inventions - Smartbrain Blog Les informaticiens célèbres et leurs inventions
Collections d'articles, services utiles et offres d'emploi, annonces de conférences gratuites et de primes. Rejoignez-nous!
S’abonner à la newsletter hebdomadaire
Merci, vous vous êtes bien inscrit à la lettre d'information !
Accueil News Les informaticiens célèbres et leurs inventions Dans le vaste univers de l’informatique, où les bits et les octets dansent dans une harmonie silencieuse, se dressent des figures emblématiques dont les esprits brillants ont façonné notre réalité numérique. Ces scientifiques de l’ordinateur, armés de leur intelligence et de leur créativité, ont repoussé les frontières de l’imaginable, donnant naissance à des inventions qui ont révolutionné le monde. Cet article vous invite à un voyage à travers le temps et la technologie, à la rencontre de ces pionniers célèbres et de leurs créations qui ont marqué à jamais l’histoire de l’informatique. De l’élaboration des premiers algorithmes à la conception de systèmes d’exploitation complexes, en passant par la création d’internet, préparez-vous à découvrir les visages et les esprits derrière les machines qui peuplent notre quotidien.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Les avancées spectaculaires dans le domaine de l’informatique doivent beaucoup à des esprits brillants dont les inventions ont façonné le monde moderne. Parmi eux, Alan Turing , souvent considéré comme le père de l’informatique théorique, a posé les bases de la science informatique et a conçu le concept de l’ordinateur programmable. Sa machine de Turing est un modèle abstrait qui a ouvert la voie à la création des premiers ordinateurs.
Un autre géant de l’informatique, Grace Hopper , a révolutionné la programmation en développant le premier compilateur, ce qui a grandement contribué à la création du langage COBOL. Elle a popularisé l’idée que la programmation informatique pouvait être accessible à un public plus large en utilisant un langage proche de l’anglais plutôt que des codes complexes.
Ada Lovelace : Première programmeuse, a travaillé sur la machine analytique de Babbage.John von Neumann : Concepteur de l’architecture de von Neumann, modèle de construction d’ordinateur.Tim Berners-Lee : Inventeur du World Wide Web, a transformé l’accès et le partage de l’information.Inventeur Invention Impact Alan Turing Machine de Turing Fondement de l’informatique moderne Grace Hopper Compilateur Simplification de la programmation Tim Berners-Lee World Wide Web Globalisation de l’information
Les architectes du numérique et leurs créations emblématiques Les pionniers de l’informatique ont façonné le monde moderne avec leurs innovations révolutionnaires. Parmi eux, Tim Berners-Lee , considéré comme le père du World Wide Web, a bouleversé la manière dont nous accédons et partageons l’information. Son invention, le web , est devenue la pierre angulaire de l’internet d’aujourd’hui, permettant la création de sites web, le partage de données et la communication instantanée à l’échelle planétaire.
Un autre nom illustre dans le domaine est celui de Linus Torvalds , le génie derrière le système d’exploitation Linux . Ce système ouvert et gratuit est à la base de nombreux serveurs qui font fonctionner le web, et il est également utilisé dans des smartphones et des appareils électroniques. Voici une liste non exhaustive de quelques architectes du numérique et de leurs contributions majeures :
Ada Lovelace : Première programmeuse, ayant travaillé sur la machine analytique de Charles Babbage.Alan Turing : Père de l’informatique théorique et de l’intelligence artificielle, connu pour la machine de Turing.Grace Hopper : Inventrice du premier compilateur, une avancée majeure pour le développement de logiciels.Architecte Création Impact Steve Wozniak Apple I Précurseur des ordinateurs personnels Larry Page et Sergey Brin Google Révolution du moteur de recherche Mark Zuckerberg Facebook Changement de la dynamique des réseaux sociaux
Les pionniers de l’informatique ont posé les fondations de notre monde numérique actuel grâce à leurs inventions révolutionnaires. Parmi eux, Tim Berners-Lee , considéré comme l’inventeur du World Wide Web, a transformé la manière dont nous accédons et partageons l’information. Son idée de lier des documents hypertextes dans un système global est aujourd’hui la base de l’internet. Ensuite, il y a Alan Turing , souvent surnommé le père de l’informatique théorique, dont la machine de Turing est un concept fondamental dans la théorie du calcul.
Grace Hopper : Créatrice du premier compilateur, un outil essentiel qui a permis de traduire le langage humain en code machine.Steve Wozniak : Co-fondateur d’Apple et concepteur de l’Apple I, l’un des premiers ordinateurs personnels.Linus Torvalds : Initiateur du noyau Linux, qui est au cœur de nombreux systèmes d’exploitation open source.Inventeur Invention Impact Ada Lovelace Premier algorithme destiné à être exécuté par une machine Considérée comme la première programmeuse informatique Larry Page et Sergey Brin Moteur de recherche Google A révolutionné l’accès et le traitement de l’information sur le web Mark Zuckerberg Réseau social Facebook A modifié les interactions sociales et la communication en ligne
Ces innovations ont non seulement marqué l’histoire de l’informatique, mais elles continuent d’influencer et de façonner notre quotidien. Les géants de l’informatique, par leurs créations, ont démontré que la technologie pouvait être un vecteur de changement et d’évolution pour la société toute entière.
Femmes de génie dans l’ombre des circuits et des codes Derrière les avancées technologiques qui ont façonné notre monde numérique, se cachent des figures méconnues, souvent des femmes, dont l’intelligence et la persévérance ont été déterminantes. Parmi elles, Ada Lovelace , considérée comme la première programmeuse informatique, a esquissé les premiers algorithmes pour la machine analytique de Charles Babbage. Ses travaux ont jeté les bases de la programmation moderne, bien avant que l’ère de l’informatique ne commence réellement.
Un autre nom illustre cette liste : Grace Hopper . Officier de la marine américaine et mathématicienne, elle a développé le premier compilateur pour un langage de programmation et ses idées ont conduit à la création du COBOL, un langage qui a révolutionné le traitement des données d’entreprise. Ces pionnières ont ouvert la voie à de nombreuses autres, qui continuent d’innover dans l’ombre des circuits et des codes.
Hedy Lamarr : Actrice glamour et inventrice, elle a co-inventé un système de communication pour les torpilles radio-guidées, précurseur des technologies sans fil actuelles comme le Wi-Fi et le Bluetooth.Margaret Hamilton : Directrice de la division logicielle du projet Apollo au MIT, elle a conçu le code qui a permis aux astronautes d’atterrir sur la Lune et a contribué à la création du concept de “logiciel”.Radia Perlman : Surnommée la “mère de l’Internet”, elle a inventé le protocole Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), essentiel à la construction de réseaux informatiques fiables et extensibles.Inventrice Invention Impact Ada Lovelace Algorithmes pour la machine analytique Fondements de la programmation Grace Hopper Compilateur pour langage de programmation Création du COBOL Hedy Lamarr Système de communication pour torpilles Précurseur du Wi-Fi et Bluetooth Margaret Hamilton Logiciel de navigation Apollo Atterrissage sur la Lune Radia Perlman Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Construction de réseaux informatiques
Collaborations historiques et avancées technologiques majeures Les alliances entre esprits brillants et les percées technologiques ont souvent changé le cours de l’histoire informatique. Par exemple, l’union de Steve Jobs et Steve Wozniak a donné naissance à Apple Inc., et avec elle, l’avènement de l’ordinateur personnel avec l’Apple I. De même, Bill Gates et Paul Allen ont révolutionné le monde des logiciels avec la création de Microsoft et le développement de Windows, rendant l’informatique accessible au grand public.
Les collaborations ne se limitent pas aux entreprises, mais s’étendent également aux avancées académiques et aux découvertes fondamentales. Tim Berners-Lee , inventeur du World Wide Web, a collaboré avec d’autres chercheurs au CERN pour développer les technologies sous-jacentes à Internet. De son côté, Alan Turing , souvent considéré comme le père de l’informatique théorique, a posé les bases de la science informatique moderne et de l’intelligence artificielle.
Collaboration Jobs-Wozniak : Apple I, interface utilisateur graphiqueDuo Gates-Allen : MS-DOS, WindowsTim Berners-Lee : HTML, HTTP, URLAlan Turing : Machine de Turing, test de TuringInventeur Invention Impact Steve Jobs & Steve Wozniak Apple I Naissance de l’ordinateur personnel Bill Gates & Paul Allen MS-DOS Popularisation de l’informatique Tim Berners-Lee WWW Création d’Internet Alan Turing Machine de Turing Fondements de l’informatique
De l’algorithme à l’intelligence artificielle, héritage des visionnaires Les pionniers de l’informatique ont posé les fondations sur lesquelles repose aujourd’hui l’intelligence artificielle. Parmi eux, Alan Turing , souvent considéré comme le père de l’informatique théorique, a non seulement conceptualisé l’idée d’une machine universelle capable de résoudre n’importe quel calcul, mais a également jeté les bases de la réflexion sur la capacité des machines à imiter l’intelligence humaine. Son test, connu sous le nom de Test de Turing , reste un critère d’évaluation de l’intelligence artificielle.
Un autre géant, John von Neumann , a été crucial dans le développement de l’architecture des ordinateurs. Son modèle, l’architecture de von Neumann , est encore à la base de la plupart des ordinateurs actuels. Voici quelques autres visionnaires qui ont marqué l’histoire de l’informatique et de l’IA :
Claude Shannon – Père de la théorie de l’information, il a établi les fondements théoriques de la transmission numérique des données.Marvin Minsky – Pionnier de l’intelligence artificielle, il a co-fondé le laboratoire d’IA du MIT et a développé des idées influentes sur la représentation des connaissances.Edsger Dijkstra – Informaticien renommé pour ses travaux sur les algorithmes, notamment l’algorithme de recherche de chemin le plus court qui porte son nom.Scientifique Invention Impact Alan Turing Machine de Turing Fondement du calcul algorithmique John von Neumann Architecture de von Neumann Modèle de conception d’ordinateur Claude Shannon Théorie de l’information Bases de la cryptographie et des communications numériques Marvin Minsky Travaux sur l’IA et la représentation des connaissances Avancées dans la compréhension de l’intelligence artificielle Edsger Dijkstra Algorithme de Dijkstra Optimisation des parcours dans les réseaux
Recommandations de lectures pour explorer les vies des maîtres du clavier Plongez dans l’univers fascinant des pionniers de l’informatique grâce à une sélection d’ouvrages captivants qui retracent les parcours extraordinaires et les découvertes qui ont révolutionné notre monde. Ces lectures sont des fenêtres ouvertes sur les esprits brillants qui ont façonné l’ère numérique, et elles vous permettront de comprendre non seulement leurs inventions, mais aussi leurs motivations, leurs défis et leurs succès.
Livres incontournables :
“The Innovators” par Walter Isaacson – Une fresque épique qui dépeint les collaborations géniales à l’origine des plus grandes avancées technologiques, de l’ordinateur personnel à l’internet.“Alan Turing: The Enigma” par Andrew Hodges – Une biographie profonde du père de l’informatique théorique et de l’intelligence artificielle, dont le travail a été crucial pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.“Steve Jobs” par Walter Isaacson – Le récit définitif de la vie tumultueuse du cofondateur d’Apple, un visionnaire qui a changé la façon dont nous interagissons avec la technologie.Auteur Titre Contribution Walter Isaacson The Innovators Collaborations technologiques Andrew Hodges Alan Turing: The Enigma Informatique théorique Walter Isaacson Steve Jobs Révolution numérique
Chaque livre est une porte d’entrée vers la compréhension des mécanismes de pensée et des innovations qui continuent de façonner notre quotidien. Que vous soyez un passionné d’histoire de la technologie, un professionnel de l’informatique ou simplement curieux de connaître les dessous de la révolution numérique, ces lectures enrichiront assurément votre bibliothèque personnelle.
FAQ ### Questions et Réponses sur les célèbres informaticiens et leurs inventions
Q : Qui est considéré comme l’un des pères de l’informatique et quelle est sa contribution majeure ?
R : Alan Turing est souvent cité comme l’un des pères de l’informatique moderne. Sa contribution la plus remarquable est la conception de la machine de Turing, un modèle abstrait qui a jeté les bases théoriques de l’ordinateur moderne. Il a également joué un rôle clé dans le décryptage des codes nazis pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
Q : Quelle est l’invention de Tim Berners-Lee qui a révolutionné le monde ?
R : Tim Berners-Lee est le créateur du World Wide Web. En 1989, il a proposé un système de gestion de l’information qui a évolué pour devenir l’internet tel que nous le connaissons aujourd’hui, avec la mise en place des premiers navigateurs web et langages comme le HTML.
Q : Quelle femme informaticienne a développé le premier compilateur et quel était son nom ?
R : Grace Hopper, une informaticienne et officier de la marine américaine, a développé le premier compilateur, nommé A-0. Elle a également contribué à la création du langage de programmation COBOL, qui est encore utilisé dans les systèmes d’entreprise aujourd’hui.
Q : Quel scientifique est connu pour avoir inventé le langage de programmation C et pour avoir co-développé le système d’exploitation UNIX ?
R : Dennis Ritchie est célèbre pour avoir inventé le langage de programmation C dans les années 1970. Avec Ken Thompson, il a également co-développé le système d’exploitation UNIX, qui a eu une influence considérable sur les systèmes d’exploitation modernes.
Q : Quel est le rôle de Ada Lovelace dans l’histoire de l’informatique ?
R : Ada Lovelace est souvent reconnue comme la première programmeuse informatique. Elle a travaillé sur la machine analytique de Charles Babbage et a écrit ce qui est considéré comme le premier algorithme destiné à être exécuté par une machine, bien que la machine n’ait jamais été complétée de son vivant.
Q : Quelle invention majeure est attribuée à Linus Torvalds et comment a-t-elle influencé le monde de l’informatique ?
R : Linus Torvalds est le créateur du noyau Linux, le cœur du système d’exploitation Linux. Lancé en 1991, Linux est devenu la base de nombreux systèmes d’exploitation open source et est largement utilisé dans les serveurs, les smartphones (via Android) et les superordinateurs.
Q : Qui est Vinton Cerf et quelle est sa contribution à l’informatique ?
R : Vinton Cerf, souvent appelé l’un des “pères de l’internet”, a co-inventé le protocole TCP/IP avec Bob Kahn. Ce protocole est la fondation de l’internet, permettant la communication entre des réseaux informatiques disparates.
Q : Quelle est l’importance de John McCarthy dans le domaine de l’intelligence artificielle ?
R : John McCarthy est considéré comme l’un des fondateurs de l’intelligence artificielle. Il a inventé le terme “intelligence artificielle” et a développé le langage de programmation LISP, qui est devenu le langage de choix pour la recherche en IA pendant de nombreuses années.
Q : Quelle contribution majeure Gordon Moore a-t-il apportée à l’industrie des semi-conducteurs ?
R : Gordon Moore est co-fondateur d’Intel Corporation et est célèbre pour avoir formulé la loi de Moore. Cette observation prédit que le nombre de transistors sur un microprocesseur doublera environ tous les deux ans, ce qui a été une règle de base pour l’industrie des semi-conducteurs et a guidé l’évolution rapide de la technologie informatique.
Q : Quel est le lien entre James Gosling et le monde de la programmation ?
R : James Gosling est principalement connu pour être le père du langage de programmation Java. Développé au milieu des années 1990 chez Sun Microsystems, Java est devenu l’un des langages de programmation les plus utilisés, notamment pour les applications d’entreprise et les systèmes mobiles.
Conclusions Alors que nous refermons le chapitre de notre voyage à travers les esprits brillants qui ont façonné le monde de l’informatique, il est difficile de ne pas être émerveillé par l’ingéniosité et la persévérance de ces pionniers. De l’élaboration des premiers algorithmes à la création de systèmes d’exploitation révolutionnaires, chaque scientifique informatique que nous avons rencontré a laissé une empreinte indélébile sur notre quotidien.
Ces inventeurs ne sont pas seulement des noms dans les livres d’histoire ou des visages sur des écrans; ils sont les bâtisseurs de l’univers numérique dans lequel nous naviguons chaque jour. Leurs contributions continuent de propulser l’innovation et d’inspirer de nouvelles générations à repousser les frontières du possible.
En tournant la dernière page de cet article, nous espérons que vous emporterez avec vous non seulement une connaissance approfondie des réalisations de ces géants de l’informatique, mais aussi une étincelle de leur passion et de leur curiosité. Qui sait ? Peut-être qu’un jour, votre nom s’ajoutera à la liste de ces illustres figures qui ont transformé notre monde grâce à la puissance de la pensée computationnelle.
Nous vous invitons à continuer d’explorer, de questionner et de créer, car, comme l’ont démontré les scientifiques dont nous avons parlé, c’est dans l’acte de création que réside la véritable magie de l’informatique. Bonne continuation dans votre propre quête de connaissance et d’innovation, et n’oubliez jamais que chaque ligne de code, chaque circuit imprimé et chaque algorithme a commencé comme un simple rêve dans l’esprit d’un visionnaire. Qui sait quelles merveilles attendent encore d’être découvertes ?
Irina Pakhomova
CMO at Smartbrain.io email: pakhomova@smartbrain.io facebook.com/smartbrain.io
Vous pouvez nous contacter sur toutes les questions: